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granulosus is discussed here in detail since it is the species most widely distributed throughout the world (FAO, 1982).

These populations are referred to as strains (McManus and Smyth, 1986). A single mutant can therefore produce large genetically identical populations that differ from the original genus. The development of strains may be a result of the fact that tapeworms are hermaphrodites, which reproduce themselves through cross- or self-fertilization. multilocularis are recognized (FAO, 1982). In addition, several different strains of E. These four species are morphologically distinct in both the adult and the larval stages.

multilocularis (multivesicular hydatidosis), E. Aetiological agents and taxonomyĪt present, four species of the genus Echinococcus are recognized and regarded as taxonomically valid : E. However, collaboration between veterinarians and public health workers is essential for the successful control of hydatidosis (Thompson and Allsopp, 1988). The epidemiology and control of hydatidosis is often considered to be a veterinary matter since the disease can be regulated by controlling parasites in animals. granulosus dans le cerveau humain - Quiste de E. granulosus cyst in the human brain - Kyste d'E. There is some evidence that the disease is spreading because of a lack of meat control, dog management and appropriate legislation (Gemmell 1979 Schwabe, 1986).ġ Life cycle of Echinococcus granulosus - Cycle biologique d'Echinococcus granulosus - Ciclo biológico de Echinococcus granulosusĢ E. granulosus, and successful control programmes are currently being conducted in Turkana (Kenya), Chile and the People's Republic of China (Schantz, 1990 McManus and Smyth, 1986).Īlthough control programmes resulting in a marked decrease in the incidence of the disease have been carried out in some countries, little effect has been achieved worldwide. Control measures in New Zealand and Australia (Tasmania) have significantly reduced the prevalence of E. Some countries, such as Iceland and Cyprus, have already eradicated or are close to eradicating the disease. It is also common in parts of the United Kingdom, Europe and Australia (Cook, 1989 Schantz, 1990). It has been extensively studied in a number of different geographical areas and is now present in Asia, Africa, South and Central America and the Mediterranean region (McManus and Smyth, 1986). The wide variety of animal species that can act as intermediate hosts and the domestication and spread of some of these animals from Europe to other parts of the world has given Echinococcus granulosus a worldwide distribution. While most cysts develop in the liver and lungs, other organs arid tissue (Figure 2) may become affected (Soulsby, 1982). Humans can accidentally become intermediate hosts by ingesting the eggs of the tapeworm. Echinococcosis is a cyclozoonosis that requires two vertebrate hosts to uphold the life cycle (Figure 1). In addition there are economic losses from the condemnation of affected organs. This parasite is found worldwide and causes serious public health problems in certain parts of the world (Schantz, 1990).

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The authors are Associate Professional Officer and Animal Health Officer, respectively, Animal Health Service, Animal Production and Health Division, FAO, Rome.Įchinococcosis/hydatidosis is a zoonotic parasitic disease caused by the dog tapeworm Echinococcus and its larval stage, the hydatid cyst. Of echinococcosis/hydatidosis: a zoonotic parasitic disease Review of echinococcosishydatidosis: a zoonotic parasitic disease